Standard car battery

Standard car battery

3 groups on the standard car battery

In Electric Vehicle Conference "EVS24" (2009, 13 May to 16 May, Norway StavangarForum), the number of organizations have to plug-in hybrids (PHEV) with the charging system, as well as lithium-ion rechargeable battery standard published a speech. PHEV, the International Electrotechnical Standards Committee (IEC), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the American Association of Automotive Engineers (SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers, SAE) were introduced by their respective standardization efforts, these standardized specifications for the connection and charging PHEV facilities, communication technology and systems. Standardization activities of these groups, respectively, by the German companies (ISO), French companies (IEC) and the American Enterprise (SAE)-led implementation.

Standardization of PHEV

IEC and ISO for the realization of PHEV charging facilities connected with the standardization activities carried out, is aimed at harmonizing the views of the two groups "IEC/ISOJWGV2G jointworkinggroupvehicletogrid)" organized and implemented. Germany's leading energy companies RWEAG the IngoDiefenbach progress of the work of the organization delivered a speech.

IEC/ISOJWGV2G has two working groups (WG). One is related with the physical specifications of WG1. Specific work includes, discussion connectors, cables, both protection and power switching and base. In the more contentious aspects of the connector, IEC envisages only be used to connect charging devices and cars, and made the biggest three-phase AC voltage of 500V, maximum current and seven terminals 63A (3 for the power supply, one for the Grounding, 2 for the signals, one for other uses) and so on.

The other is related with the communication technology WG2. The discussions included a more secure method of communication and communication services. Focused on the content, in the circumstances at the same time clearly identified for its specifications, and to ensure connectivity between the communication protocol. IEC/ISOJWGV2G 09 years in the aggregate result of these issues and to develop programs intended to vote in mid-2010, the end of 2010 to develop standards. Although the IEC and ISO views seem more unified, but in fact the current "still have considerable differences" (IngoDiefenbach).

On the other hand, research institutions, the U.S. Argonne National Laboratory (ArgonneNationalLaboratory) of TheodoreBohn progress on the standardization of SAE delivered a speech. PHEV standardization, SAE group generally consists of two specifications. PHEV are used to connect the specifications and infrastructure group, and the development of PHEV and EV for the test method specification group. Vehicles and infrastructure to achieve the connection "V2G", including connectors, charging method, communication protocols, such as use cases and charging device specifications. Example contains the relevant provisions of the connector "J1772", including the largest one-way 115V AC voltage, maximum current of 15A and 5 terminals (2 for the single-phase AC use, one for the grounding, one for the signals, one for the other purposes). This IEC/ISOJWGV2G differ materially from those discussed in, "I hope the two sides compromise" (TheodoreBohn). Will be discussed in future to improve the three-phase AC voltage to 600V and 600A current and so on.

In addition, SAE is also envisaged through the wire communication (PLC) device is connected vehicles and charging facilities, and to consider future vehicle information uploaded to the Web network. "Because the next vehicle and the linkage between the intelligent instrument will become very important" (TheodoreBohn).

Standardization of vehicle batteries

On the standardization of the battery, Belgium ErasmusUniversityCollegeBrussels the Petervandenbossche progress on the current delivered a speech. At present, the standardization of automotive batteries, including lead-acid battery standards IEC60254, and the overall battery standards IEC61982. The latter also includes the electric power per km for the standard car battery 100Wh the IEC61982-3.

Based on these criteria, the group has started discussing 08 hybrid lithium-ion rechargeable battery standards. Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, ISOTC22SC21 being developed with the vehicle's rechargeable battery system, standards, and IECTC21 are being rechargeable battery units and modules to focus on the development of relevant standards. Plan "will continue with the IEC, ISO and other groups to discuss again" (Petervandenbossche). In addition, also intend to discuss the future of lithium-ion capacitor standards.

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Lithium battery concept

Lithium battery concept

MI Yu Kai Investment earnings

On Friday, petrochemical and banking stocks such as planes weight plates stabilized stabilized, making A shares rebound after opening. News of the power sector in the overall trend of strong stimulation to promote the broader market volatility higher, but the relative lack of trading volume led to more limited efforts in the broader market upward.

It is noteworthy that, after trading sharply higher lithium whole concept of plate, CITIC Guoan, Tibet Mining, Shanshangufen, Jiangsu Guotai and other species only limit or close to the limit, and promote the variety of subjects related to battery power far, Desai battery Joining such strength. Beginning of this year, up and down in the A-share market as a whole dilemma of the occasion, as the very imagination of the plate, the concept of a strong rise of lithium compelling.

New energy trying to save the "American soldier"

In the eyes of hundreds of millions of American people expect, the Democratic candidate Barack Obama has finally been elected the 56th President of the United States. Hundred years of financial crisis facing the face of the deteriorating U.S. economy, how the young Obama and his economic team to develop a strong economic stimulus. The new government can lead the United States out of economic difficulties, the Obama campaign overall during the economic measures proposed strategy will lead the United States and the world economy, which in the current complex economic background, has become a global concern focus.

Although Obama and the new Congress took office in January 2009 will be held. But as a fundamental policy relating to the future --- U.S. energy policy, Obama has been placed in the new economic program in an extremely prominent position. In fact, a long time, America's main energy sources are non-renewable resources. Current U.S. petroleum energy consumption structure is 40%, 23% coal, natural gas 23%, while the proportion of new energy sources only 14%. Meanwhile, the U.S. automotive industry can be described as a double whammy, the three major car manufacturers near the edge of bankruptcy, or will result in hundreds of thousands of American blue-collar jobs. The spread of unemployment will be a further blow to the American consumer, the threat of millions of commercial and retail and service jobs.

In such a negative context, Obama plans to launch its new energy package: $ 150,000,000,000 into the next decade, funding alternative energy research, and related companies to provide tax incentives help to increase five million new jobs; the next decade, a substantial Middle East and Venezuela to reduce dependence on imported oil; to $ 7,000 tax credit limit to encourage consumers to buy fuel-efficient vehicles, the use of $ 4,000,000,000 in federal funds to support the auto makers, the target to 2015, U.S. sales of hybrid vehicles to reach 1 million; support mandatory "cap-and-trade" system, and strive to achieve by 2050 carbon dioxide emissions by 80%. Clearly, the Obama energy plan in the future the core focus, to focus on new energy vehicles.

Expected to become the starting point for the future prosperity of a new round of

Throughout the development process of the new U.S. economy is actually the constant creation and interpretation of the bubble process. From 1929, car, rail and air bubbles, the bubble in U.S. dollars in 1987 to 2000 Internet bubble, the enormous opportunities of technological progress and post-effective demand, driving the U.S. economy's long-term prosperity.

Face of the global financial crisis, upheaval, the future needs of the world economy to pick up even more breakthroughs in new technologies and production efficiency. To rely on the one hand, the economical use of energy for hybrid vehicles, systems design and battery research and development is the most important; the other hand, must rely on new energy technology breakthroughs. But no doubt that the future of new energy vehicles will certainly accelerate the development, and lithium battery power will become one of the biggest bright spot. It is noteworthy that, as the chairman of Berkshire Hathaway, Warren Buffett, the world's stock had God new energy power. September 2008, Warren Buffett's MidAmerican Energy announced a 232 million acquisition of approximately 225 million shares of BYD, the charm of new energy power is evident.

The development of new energy future of the automobile, but battery technology has become the key to development of the industry, the core technology in battery breakthrough has become the biggest bright spot. Among them, the lithium and lithium-ion batteries developed in the 20th century a new type of high-energy batteries. Because of its high energy, battery voltage, operating temperature range, the advantages of long storage life, has been widely used in military and civilian small appliances, such as mobile phones, portable computers, camcorders, digital cameras, and some instead of the traditional battery. With the continuous progress of science and technology, lithium-ion batteries for its unique performance advantages, has been started in electric vehicles, electric vehicles and will be the main driver of future power supply.

So, faced with market potential beyond the imagination, no doubt related to listed companies will face a major investment opportunities. Such as CITIC subsidiary of CITIC Guoan Guoan Li, is the largest lithium cobalt oxide cathode materials for lithium batteries and lithium manganese oxide manufacturers, but also the only large-scale domestic production of power lithium ion battery manufacturers, its power the battery is identified as the 2008 Beijing Olympic Beijing Olympics exclusive supply products, while other varieties include Cathay Pacific, Jiangsu, Tibet Mining, Shanshangufen and so on.

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Practical fuel cell ripening future mobile devices

Practical fuel cell ripening future mobile devices

Whether you are using a mobile phone call, or listen to songs with a media player for input on a laptop, mobile device battery likelihood, so long as you want. However, this situation will change in the next few years, as designed fuel cell powered mobile devices became popular together.

In particular, direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) using a very small amount of methanol, it is expected to provide up to 10 hours of power supply - this is the notebook computer lithium battery is two to three times. Even better, if the battery runs out of fuel, and do not find power outlet and wait for the battery fully charged, you can slightly larger box to the storage tank refilled, methanol, or just plug packed full can of methanol . As long as methanol fuel cells to meet the demand, you can use mobile devices for a long time.

In the past decade, it seems from the attractive fuel cell commercialization in close proximity, but they never really put into the market. Fuel cells are now finally ready to put in place; several traditional batteries, fuel cells and mobile device manufacturers, said that 2009 will usher in the fuel cell era.

Say goodbye to traditional batteries

Small fuel cell company MTI CEO Peng Lim explained: "The people's long-term dream is that any place can use the battery to replace the fuel cell." Headquartered in New York in Albany, the MTI for the development of mobile devices powered internal and external fuel cells.

Market research firm Frost & Sullivan Ltd. Energy and power systems division, said Sara Bradford, principal consultant: "It has begun to migrate to the fuel cell, but will not happen overnight." He stressed that the first external fuel-cell power pack has just been listed.

For example, Medis 24-7 Power Pack provides up to 5.5 volts of pure power. It is priced at $ 30, for about 30 hours of phone power supply, or supply for the media player 60 hours. In addition, you only need 20 dollar price of fuel storage tanks - with the fuel storage tanks can be more than 60 hours continuously.

The system is designed for mobile devices is not a major power, but as a back-up battery to respond to emergency situations, or if the user response time can not find the power socket. And its weight of 6.5 ounces, and smart phones in weight. Medis is currently an external attachment systems, the next step is built into mobile devices, fuel cells can be refilled.

Toshiba America Electronic Components, vice president of business development Sean Collins said: "Next year, expect there will be fuel cell option using smart phones." Although the technical and marketing details have not been finalized, but Collins said, adding that several phone manufacturers Commercial sales are expected to use both traditional batteries, and fuel cell products using the optional, two batteries installed in the same place.

Electrons are directed to the negatively charged anode, the device power supply; hydrogen ions in the upper layer of film over a particular, combines with oxygen to generate a small amount of water vapor. Toshiba Collins explained: "This layer of film is the secret of fuel cells."

This layer of film to methanol and stored in the fuel side of the battery, while allowing the hydrogen ions pass through; but now there are also some of the best films of methanol leakage problem. Collins said: "This technology will continue to develop and improve in the future there will be a more efficient fuel cells."

Improvement work has already begun: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a research department is adjusting the standard molecular surface films. Leakage through the 100-fold reduction in the number of methanol, hydrogen ions do not affect the flow of fuel cell power output will increase by 50%. But the technology may take five years to apply to commercial fuel cells.

Broad application prospects

Looking longer-term future, fuel cell technology to road warriors is indeed very attractive: a mobile device designed for the fuel cell, which is completely powered by the fuel cell. Collins explained: "After three to five years, relies entirely on the fuel cell-powered device will be listed."

In addition to improving technology, is expected to promote the use of fuel cells, another factor is the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Today, fuel cells and methanol are completely banned to the aircraft; but this situation changes in October, when the Federal Aviation Administration will allow travelers to the fuel cell to the plane, you can also bring two cans of methanol.

MTI's Lim joked: "You may not be able to bring nail clippers on the plane, but can bring to the fuel cell. This would greatly facilitate the commercialization of fuel cell technology."

Because fuel cells will soon be able to follow you anywhere, is expected sales will grow rapidly. Frost & Sullivan's Bradford believes that by 2012, sales of small fuel cells will reach 80 million, used for laptops, cell phones, media players and other portable equipment power supply. Delivered in 2007 only one million fuel cell is expected to reach in 2010 25 million.

Address the shortcomings

Although fuel cells assumed a posture ready to go, but there are several drawbacks remain.

MTI's Lim added: "fuel cell for providing continuous power, but they can not meet peak demand for electricity, but most electronic devices need this kind of power."

For example, mobile phones began to play streaming video, the power consumption of less than 1 second in time from 2 watts to 5 watts, but some of the fuel cell power output can not meet this requirement. Thus, the first practical fuel cell hybrid design will be used, the use of small lithium-ion battery bridge (bridge battery) to provide this additional power.

Bridging the battery is exhausted, by the fuel cell to charge, this process takes some time. During this time, the equipment performance may be affected.

To solve this problem a long-term solution is to store enough additional battery power supply capacitors replaced, added to the fuel cell power. In the short program, the Sony recently unveiled a hybrid fuel cell samples, it uses a small lithium-ion battery. The fuel cell can provide a stable 3-watt power supply - typical smart phone needs this power; as needed, can also be powered by a lithium-ion battery.

This device is 1.2 inches × 2 size inches, roughly the same size and battery. It can display digital broadcast TV for mobile phones 14 hours uninterrupted power supply. The methanol fuel is only one-third of an ounce.

Another problem is price. Initially, the price of fuel cells will be higher than traditional batteries. MTI's Lim says: "They are higher than the price of lithium batteries, but we expect this situation changes rapidly."

Expected prices to drop one of the reasons is that the components required for the fuel cell is less than traditional batteries, but relatively easy to produce these components. In addition, of course, usually with the cost of the technology used increases. First began about 13 years ago is that the widely used lithium batteries as a typical example of this trend.

Toshiba Collins recalled: "Back in that time, the price of lithium batteries per session up to 30 dollars." Typical laptop battery to use the 3-9 battery. "Today, the price of lithium batteries each section about 3 dollars. We expect the price curve will be applied to fuel cells; expected to price competitive products will appear in the consumer electronics market. Conclusion is that the era of the fuel cell came . "

Looking near future

Time flies to a few years later: A business traveler to catch a flight to Asia, he took his laptop to handle various tasks. Before boarding the plane, he went to the airport for the convenience store to buy a notebook computer can be re-filled with two methanol storage tanks, and then into the bag inside.

Up to 15 hours of journey, he has made changes to the presentation, to close access to a backlog of email, also prepared a memorandum about the new product. He sat down to watch one or two DVD, a warning signal when laptop, suggesting that the fuel battery. He put a new methanol storage tank, you can in the next long journey unimpeded view movies.

Frost & Sullivan's Bradford said: "Ten years later, we may look back and think how their use of lithium batteries will endure."

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Global solar cell market in 2013 year

Global solar cell market in 2013 year

2013 global solar cell market up to $ 100 400 000 000

According to U.S. research firm Lux Research's latest report, as of 2013, the global solar cell market is expected from the dramatic increase in this year's 33.4 billion U.S. dollars to 100.4 billion U.S. dollars - even though the expected oversupply in early 2009, may significantly depress average selling prices (ASP .)

Lux Research estimates, the solar cell market will continue to amazing growth, 2008-2013, the newly installed module was estimated to grow by nearly 5-fold. But starting in 2009, supply will exceed demand, leading to lower prices. The research reports that overwhelmed change will create a growing market in revenue growth, but the difficulty of corporate profits will thus increase.

In addition, the decline in value of products in 2009 will drive the industry consolidation, smaller businesses will be acquired or fail. To survive the solar cell maker, will also face excess supply caused by pressure on margins. Lux also pointed out that a low-cost thin-film battery technology, industry, the ability to decline in value against the products will be better than the rest of the industry.

Another point the report is that, in the capacity expansion and polysilicon (polysilicon) availability to improve with the help of the global solar market by 2013 is expected to grow 48% a year, power generation will grow from 2008 4.9GW (million watts ) climbed to 23GW.

In Europe, the Spanish government subsidy ceiling by the impact of the growth rate will be slower than expected; France, Italy and Greece likewise. At present, the world's largest solar market - Germany, due to active investment in recent years, alternative energy, infrastructure has become saturated. Lux Research estimates that the solar market to 2013 the average annual growth rate will be limited to 16%.

The largest county in the fraternity solar glass packaging production line put into operation

The day before yesterday morning, the national industrial bond project, the province's 50 high-growth enterprises in Henan Yuhua, one of the annual output of 100,000 tons of white glass, solar glass project Phase III completed and commissioned. End of the year, this county is located in Jiaozuo City, the largest fraternity solar cell glass packaging production companies will have annual production capacity of 10 million tons.

In 2005, Yuhua the company successfully developed a high-rolling white solar glass packaging products, built China's first solar glass production line. To create the largest high-rolling white solar glass packaging production base, Yuhua construction companies invest 2.5 billion yuan annual output of 10 million tons of glass packaging solar calendar items, after a year of construction, completion of all Phase III production.

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